Anal Fistula or fistula-in-anois an infection tunnel stuck between the skin and anus. It is also defined as a chronic abnormal passage (connection) between two bad cavities on the skin such as the rectum to the skin. Anal fistulas are outcome because of infection in the anal gland which spreads on the skin.
Many times fistula is confuses with hemorrhoids. Fistulas open from inside of the anus or rectum and extend on the anal skin surface and then it forms a tube-like structure. Anal abscess gets infected by a cavity filled with pus near the rectum. While bowel movement, the skin over abscess cracks and discharges pus out. Severe infection of the small gland inside an anus forms an abscess when bacteria enter the tissue through the gland.
Symptoms
Causes of Fistula
- Fistula forms after burns of anal abscess
- Some disease like Tuberculosis (T.B.), Cancer can cause Fistula
- A fistula may occur in conditions that affect intestine like Ulcerative colitis, chron’s disease, etc.
- The complication in any previous surgery.
Diagnosis of Fistula
Fistula-in-ano can be diagnosed when an investigation has been passed between the opening on the skin’s surface and the interior opening. During the examination, the infected area may be painful and redness on the skin may be seen. Diagnosis can be done by small instruments called Fistula probe and anoscope or proctoscope. In some complicated cases, it is advised to follow fistula investigation like Fistulography, Endo-Anal Ultrasound, MRI – Fistulogram.
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